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AIX 명령어 정리
목차
- 시스템 정보
- 메모리 및 스왑
- 디스크, 파일-시스템 및 디바이스
- 네트워크
- 크래시 덤프
- 성능 모니터링 및 진단
- 커널 모듈 및 파라미터
- 패치 및 소프트웨어
- 계정
- NFS
- NTP
- 로그 파일
- 보안
시스템 정보
| 구분 | 명령어 |
|---|---|
| Server Release Info | oslevel -r |
| Server type | prtconf | grep -i 'System Model' |
| Hardware Info | lscfg -v / lscfg -l ent0 / lscfg -vl fcs0 (find the WWN of HBA adapter) / lsdev / lsdev -Cc disk -p scsi0 / lsslot -c [pci|phb|port] / lspath -l hdisk0 |
| Operating System | oslevel [-r|-s] |
| Memory | prtconf -m / prtconf | grep -i memory / lsattr -El sys0 -a realmem / bootinfo -r |
| CPU(type, number, etc) | prtconf | grep -i processor |
| Disk Drives | lsdev -Cc disk / lsdev -Cc disk -p scsi0 (specific controller) / lsdev -Cc disk -S [a|d|s] (available, defined, stopped) / lscfg -v -l hdisk0 |
| Kernel File and assoicated directories | /unix / /usr/lib/boot / /usr/lib/drivers / /usr/lib/boot/unix_64 |
| Kernel 32 or 64 | prtconf -k / bootinfo -K |
| Display Firmware | prtconf | grep -i firmware / lscfg -pv / invscout |
| Display IRQ, IO ports and DMA | prtconf |
| GUI admin tool | smit / smitty |
메모리 및 스왑
| 구분 | 명령어 |
|---|---|
| Memory | prtconf -m / prtconf | grep -i memory / lsattr -El sys0 -a realmem / bootinfo -r |
| Page size(memory) | pagesize / pagesize -a (display all supported pagesizes) |
| Display swap | lsps -a (detailed) / lsps -s |
| Adding swap | mkps -a -s 4 -n <volume group> / chps -a n paging00 (don't use after restart) ← change the attributes / chlv -n NEW_NAME OLD_NAME (change page space name) ← change the logical volume attributes (name in this case) |
-a = reconfigure paging space after restart / -s = size of the page space (logical partitions) / -n = activates the paging space (use swapoff to deactivate) |
|
| Removing swap | swapoff /dev/paging00 / rmps paging00 / Note: paging space must be activated before removing |
디스크, 파일 시스템 및 디바이스
| 구분 | 명령어 |
|---|---|
| Disk Drives | lsdev -Cc disk |
| Disk Serial Number, type, etc | lscfg -vl hdisk0 |
| Disk partitions | lsvg -l rootvg / lchangelv / cat /etc/filesystems |
| List Raw Partitions | mklv -y rawVolume vg01 10 ← create a raw volume |
| Bad Blocks | chlv -b [y|n] <lv> ← Note : enables bad block relocation |
| Filesystem commands | df -k / lsfs [<filesystem>] / lsfs -q <filesystem> (detailed) |
| Filesystem (create) | crfs -v jfs2 -d data02lv -m /data02 -A yes / -v = filesystem type, -d = device of logical volume, -m = mountpoint, -A = mount after restart [yes|no] |
| Filesystem (remove) | rmfs -ri /data02 / -r = remove the mountpoint, -i = display warning before removing |
| Tune Filesystems | chfs / Note : you can perform the following - resize, freeze, change mountpoint, permissions... |
| Backup filesystem | backup | restore / tar / dd / cpio |
| Display the boot device | bootinfo -b (display last boot device) / bootlist -m [normal|sevice] -o (display bootable devices) |
| Setting the boot device | bootlist -m normal hdisk0 hdisk1 |
| Createing boot device (MBR) | bosboot -a (uses default device) / bosboot -ad hdisk1 |
| mount/unmount floppy | mount /dev/rfd0 /floppy |
| mount/unmount CDROM | mount -v cdrfs -r /dev/cd0 /cdrom / unmount /cdrom |
| Update /dev directory | cfgmgr / cfgmgr -l scsi0 / mkdev |
| Remove or change a device | rmdev -l cd0 / chdev -l rmt0 -a ret=no |
네트워크
| 구분 | 명령어 |
|---|---|
| Displaying network interfaces | ifconfig -a / entstat -d <interface> / lsdev -Cc if / odmget -q "name=en0" CuAt / lsattr -EHl en0 |
| Configure network interface | mktcpip (completely setup a network interface) / rmtcpip (remove all network interfaces) / mktcpip -h aix1 -a 192.168.1.200 -m 255.255.255.0 -i en1 -g 192.168.0.10 |
-h = hostname assigned to interface / -a = ip address / -m = netmask / -i = interface name / -g = gateway ip address |
|
ifconfig en1 detach ← remove an interface / chdev (add aliases to network interface |
|
| Starting and stopping a network interface | ifconfig en0 up / ifconfig en0 down / ifconfig en0 detach (remove) |
| Setting NIC speed | chdev -l ent0 -a media_speed=1000_Full_Duplex -P / entX = physical device / enX = frame type run on entX |
| Change NIC parameters | netstat -v / entstat -d <interface> / no -a / no -o "ipforwarding=1" |
| Display NIC statistics | netstat -i [-f inet] / netstat -s / entstat -d <interface> |
| Display MAC address | netstat -ia |
| Displaying network packets | tcpdump -i <interface> / iptrace -i <interface> <output file> / ipreport (used with iptrace to view reports) / Note : you must stop the iptrace by using "kill -15" |
| Default router | route add 0 <gateway IP address> / Note : there is no file that holds the default router |
| Display routing table | netstat -rn / netstat -r -f inet / lsattr -EHl inet0 -a route |
| Test IPMP, Bonding | smitty etherchannel (creates, deletes and tests) / entstat -d ent0 |
| Change the hostname | hostname <new hostname> / chdev -l inet0 -a hostname=<hostname> |
| Setup DNS | /etc/resolv.conf |
| Name service switch file (DNS client) | /etc/netsvc.conf / chnamsv (change name service) / rmnamsv (remove a name service) / lsnamsv -C (list name services) |
| Flush DNS cache | netcdctrl -t dns -e hosts -f |
| Domain Name | domainname <domainname> |
| Obtain IP Address routing | route -n get <hostname> |
| Find Services on the network | rpcinfo -b bootparam 1 (Boot(jumpstart) servers) / rpcinfo -b mountd 1 (NFS servers) / rpcinfo -b ypserv 1 (NIS servers/slaves) |
크래시 덤프
| 구분 | 명령어 |
|---|---|
| Crash Dump | sysdumpdev -l (list dump destination) / sysdumpdev -e (estimates dumpsize) / sysdumpdev -L (info) |
성능 모니터링 및 진단
| 구분 | 명령어 |
|---|---|
| CPU | topas -P / topas -L (logical partitions) / mpstat / sar -c / w / lparstat / tprof / curt |
| Memory | topas / vmstat / sar -b / svmon / rmss/ ipcs -a / ps |
| Network | [ent|tok|fddi|atm]stat / netstat / netpmon (trcstop to stop trace) |
| Disk | topas -D (disk) / topas -F (filesystem) / iostat / sar -D / fcstat (fibre) / lvmstat / filemon (trcstop to stop) / fileplace / chdev -l sys0 -a iostat=true ← disk stat history |
| Application | topas / truss / sar / probevue / tprof |
| NFS | nfsstat |
커널 모듈 및 파라미터
| 구분 | 명령어 |
|---|---|
| Display loaded modules | genkex |
| Set kernel parameters (tuning) | chdev -l sys0 -a <parameter>=<value> / no -a (network) / vmo -a (virtual memory) / nfso -a (NFS) / ioo -a (Input/Output) / raso -a (reliability, availability, serviceability) |
schedo -a (processor scheduler) / vi /etc/security/limits / cd /etc/tunables |
|
| Display kernel parameters | lsattr -EHl sys0 |
| Build kernel | chdev -l sys0 -a <parameter>=<value> |
Note : most params are dynamically changed in AIX, for example memory segments are dynamically adjusted |
|
| Interprocess communication | ipcs -a |
서비스
| 구분 | 명령어 |
|---|---|
| Display services | lssrc -a |
| Start services | startsrc -s <subsystem> / startsrc -g <group> |
| Stop services | stopsrc -s <subsystem> / stopsrc -g <group> |
| Reload service | refresh -s <subsystem> |
| Restart service | stopsrc -s <subsystem> / startsrc -s <subsystem> |
| Service status | lssrc -a |
| Service logging, etc | /var/adm/ras / /etc/syslog.conf / etc/rc.tcpip |
패치 및 소프트웨어
| 구분 | 명령어 |
|---|---|
| Display installed patches | instfix -ia |
| Adding patch | instfix -k |
| Removing patch | installp -r |
| Display installed packages | lslpp -L all (all filesets) / lslpp -L <package> (single fileset) / lslpp -w <file> (file belongs) / lslpp -ha (history of filesets) |
rpm -qa (all packages) / rpm -q (single package) / rpm -qf (file belongs) / rpm -qi <package> (very detailed) |
|
oslevel -g (install packages above os level) / whereis <filename> / which_fileset <filename> |
|
| adding package | installp -a / installp -c (cleanup after failed install) / rpm -i |
| removing packages | installp -u (committed packages) / installp -r (applied packages) / rpm -e <package> |
| verify package | lppchk -v / rpm -V <package> |
| List files in package | lslpp -f <fileset> / rpm -ql <package> |
| Package directory | /usr/lpp / /var/lib/rpm |
| List libraries required for binary program | ldd <file> |
계정
| 구분 | 명령어 |
|---|---|
| Display users | cat /etc/passwd / lsuser -f ALL (detailed) |
| Create a user | mkuser / useradd |
| Remove a user | rmuser / userdel |
| Modify a user | chuser -a / usermod / passwd -f / chfn <username> |
| Change user password | passwd / pwdadm / pwdck -t ALL |
| Create a group | mkgroup <group name> |
| Remove a group | rmgroup <group name> |
| Modify a group | chgroup <attribute> <groupname> |
| Password files | /etc/security/passwd |
| Useful user commands | id / whoami / who / finger |
| Useful group commands | groups / setgroups / lsgroup ALL |
NFS
| 구분 | 명령어 |
|---|---|
| NTP Daemons | server : rpc.mountd, nfsd / client : rpc.statd, rpc.lockd |
| NFS files | /etc/exports / /etc/xtab |
| List NFS clients that have a remote mount | /etc/xtab |
| Display NFS shares | exportfs / showmount -e localhost |
| Create NFS share | mknfsexp -d <directory> / mknfsmnt / shareall |
| Uncreate NFS share | rmnfsexp -d <directory> (unshares and removes from file) / exportfs -u <filesystem> / unshareall |
| Start/change NFS daemons | mknfs / chnfs / startsrc -s nfsd / startsrc -s rpc.mountd |
| Stop NFS daemons | rmnfs / stopsrc -s nfsd / stopsrc -s rpc.mountd |
| NFS status | lssrc -a | grep -i nfs |
| NFS reload | exportfs -av |
| NFS performance | nfsstat |
| NFS Options | nfso -a / nfso -o <option>=<value> |
NTP
| 구분 | 명령어 |
|---|---|
| Time daemons | xntpd |
| NTP setup | /etc/ntp.conf / startsrc -s xntpd / stopsrc -s xntpd / lslpp -L all | grep xntpd |
| NTP daemon options | startsrc -s xntpd -a "-x" / /etc/rc.tcpip |
| NTP Trace commands | ntpq -p / ntptrace / ntpdate |
로그 파일
| 구분 | 명령어 |
|---|---|
| messages | /var/adm/ras |
| syslog | /var/adm/ras |
/usr/spool/mqueue |
|
| cron | /var/adm/cron/log |
| boot | /var/adm/ras / alog -o -t boot / alog -o -t console |
alog -L (list all the logs available) |
|
| Error logging | /usr/lib/errdemon -l (display attributes) / /usr/lib/errdemon (start error logging) / /usr/lib/errstop (stop error logging) |
errpt (summary errorlog report) / errpt -a (detailed errorlog report) / errclear (clears errorlog) |
보안
| 구분 | 명령어 |
|---|---|
| Checking the passwd file | pwdck -t ALL / usrck -t ALL |
| Checking the group file | grpck |
| Console login (allow/deny) | /etc/security/user / chsec -f /etc/security/user -s root |
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